METAPHORS OF INCLUSIVE SEMANTICS IN THE LANGUAGE OF SCIENCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.61283Keywords:
scientific discourse, language categories, information and communication technologies, inclusiveness, metaphor, container, circle, contents.Abstract
Scientific discourse is viewed as a specific object of linguistic analysis in light of cognitive-discursive paradigm. Categories are integral parts of the scientific discourse, yet there is no full list of such categories. Insufficient studies of the category of inclusiveness, as one of the categories that has not come under linguistic scrutiny, specifically, in modern English scientific discourse, call for investigating this category and its elements. The paper deals with the analysis of the metaphors of inclusive semantics to convey the category of inclusiveness. Empirical material of our study involves Anglo-American articles in the field of information and communication technologies, as this research domain deals with the latest cutting-edge technologies that influence virtually all spheres of human life due to the potential of such technologies to dramatically reshape information society in the age of digital revolution. We have outlined the following types of inclusive metaphors in the language of science: the metaphor of CONTAINER that is expressed through a bunch of linguistic devices (nouns: container, envelope, family, house; verbs: to house, to wrap up); the metaphor of CIRCLE (nouns: circle; verbs: to circle, compass, to compass, to encircle, to enclose, to surround, set phrase: to range from…to); and the metaphor of CONTENTS. The obtained results have shown that the metaphor of CONTAINER is the most frequently used one.
Downloads
References
- Berlin, B. (1992). Ethnobiological classification: principles of categorization of plants and animals in traditional society. Princeton, NJ: “Princeton University Press”. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400862597
- Bornstein, M., & Arterberry, M. (2010). The development of object categorization in young children: hierarchical inclusiveness, age, perceptual attribute, and group versus individual analyses. Developmental Psychology, 46(2), 350-365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0018411
| | - Collins, A., & Quillian, R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, 8, 240-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5371(69)80069-1
- Darian, S. (2003) Understanding the Language of Science. Texas, USA: University of Texas Press.
- Davies, M., & Gardner, D. (2012). Academic Vocabulary Lists: Corpus of contemporary American English. Retrieved from http://www.academicvocabulary.info/
- Frels, K., Onwuegbuzie, A., & Slate, J. (2010). A Typology of Verbs for Scholarly Writing. Research in the Schools, 17(1), xx-xxxi. Retrieved from http://www.msera.org/docs/RITS_17_1_Verbs.pdf
- Greenberg, J. (1978). Universals of human language: Word structure. Stanford: “Stanford University Press”.
- Lakoff, G. (1987). Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things. What Categories Reveal about the Mind. Chicago and London: “The University of Chicago Press”. http://dx.doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226471013.001.0001
- Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. London: “University Of Chicago Press”. http://dx.doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226470993.001.0001
- Murphy, G. (2002). The big book of concepts. Cambridge, USA: “MIT Press”.
- Smith, E., & Medin, D. (1981). Categories and concepts. Cambridge, USA: “Harvard University Press”. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674866270
- Akulenko, V., Shvachko, S., & Bukreeva, E. (1990) Kategorija kolichestva v sovremennyh evropejskih jazykah [The category of quantity in modern European languages]. Kiev, Ukraine: “Naukova Dumka”.
- Bedrych, Ia. (2014). Comprise u konteksti inkliuzyvnosti [Comprise in light of inclusiveness]. Linhvistyka XXI stolittia: novi doslidzhennia ta perspektyvy, 19-34.
- Benvenist, Je. (1974). Obshhaja lingvistika [General linguistics]. Moscow, Russia: “Progress”.
- Bondarko, A. (1976). Teorija morfologicheskih kategorij [Theory of morphological categories]. Leningrad: “Nauka”, Leningradskoe otd-nie.
- Espersen, O. (1958). Filosofija grammatiki [The philosophy of grammar] (V. Pasek, & S. Safranova, Trans). Moscow, Russia: Iz-vo Inostr. l-ry.
- Zhabotinskaja, S. (2013). Imja kak tekst: konceptual'naja chast' leksicheskogo znachenija (analiz imeni jemocii) [The name as a text: conceptual network of lexical meaning (analysis of the name of emotion)]. Kognicija, kommunikacija, diskurs : Mezhdunarodnyj jelektronnyj sbornik nauchnyh trudov, 6, 47-76. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/cognitiondiscourse/vypusk-no6-2013/zabotinskaa-s-a
- Ilchenko, O.M. (2002) Etyketyzatsiia anhlo-amerykanskoho naukovoho dyskursu [Etiquettization in Anglo-American Scientific Discourse]. Phd thesis, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
- Kacnel'son, S. (2001). Kategorii jazyka i myshlenija [Categories of language and mind]. Moscow, Russia: “Jazyki slavjanskoj kul'tury”.
- Meshhaninov, I. (1981). Ponjatijnye kategorii v jazyke [Conceptual categories in language]. Istorija sovetskogo jazykoznanija, 56-54.
- Paul', G. (1960). Principy istorii jazyka [Principles of language history]. Moscow, Russia: “Izdatel'stvo inostrannoj literatury”.
- Chejf, U. (1975). Znachenie i struktura jazyka [The meaning and the structure of language] (G. Shhur, Trans). Moscow, Russia: “Progress”.
- Shalya O.I. (2011). Katehoriia porivniannia u movi nauky: funktsionalni, kohnityvno-dyskursyvni ta linhvokulturni parametry (na materiali anhlo-amerykanskykh statei u haluzi elektroniky) [The category of comparison in the language of science: functional, cognitive, discursive and cultural aspects] (Unpublished Phd dissertation). Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
- Shvachko, S. (1981). Jazykovye sredstva vyrazhenija kolichestva v sovremennom anglijskom, russkom i ukrainskom jazykah [Language ways of expressing quantity in modern English, Russian and Ukrainian languages]. Kyiv, Ukraine: “Vishha Shkola”.
- References of illustrative material:The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language (2009) (4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Retrieved from http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dictionary.htm
- IEEE Communications Magazine (2008-2014). Retrieved from http://www.comsoc.org/commag
- The International Journal on Advances in Intelligent Systems (2010-2014). Retrieved from http://www.iariajournals.org/intelligent_systems/index.html
- The International Journal on Advances in Internet Technology (2010-2015). Retrieved from http://www.iariajournals.org/internet_technology/index.html
- The International Journal on Advances in Networks and Services (2010-2015). Retrieved from http://www.iariajournals.org/networks_and_services/index.html
- Journal of Telecommunications System and Management (2013-2014). Retrieved from http://omicsgroup.org/journals/telecommunications-system-management.php
- Telecommunications Policy (2013-2014). Retrieved from http://www.journals.elsevier.com/telecommunications-policy/
- The International Journal on Advances in Systems and Measurements (2010-2015). Retrieved from http://www.iariajournals.org/systems_and_measurements/index.html
- The International Journal on Advances in Telecommunications (2010-2015). Retrieved from http://www.iariajournals.org/telecommunications/index.html
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Yaroslava Bedrych
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).