EXPLORING THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE OF CONVENTIONALISED SIMILES IN ENGLISH LEXICOLOGY AND PHRASEOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.283758

Keywords:

comparison, simile, metaphor, translation, topic, vehicle, idiomatic competence

Abstract

Idioms are a colourful and fascinating aspect of English which are commonly used in all types of language, formal and informal, spoken and written. Despite the emerging theoretical accounts of idioms up to now, little attention has been paid to teaching and learning idiomatic expressions in English as a Foreign Language, English for Specific Purposes or English for Academic Purposes classroom. Developing idiomatic competence among English language learners in Slovakia remains a formidable challenge. Second-year undergraduates of the study programmes ‘Teacher Training of English Language and Literature’ (single major study) and ‘Teacher Training of English Language and Literature (double major study) need to master different types of idioms within one-term course in ‘English Lexicology and Phraseology’. Their language skills will increase rapidly if they can understand and use them confidently and correctly. The communication role of idiomatic comparisons is often neglected, as well. The aim of the paper is to find out their level of knowledge of standard idiomatic comparisons at the beginning and the end of the course. The paper intends to reveal how students of different nationalities – Slovak, Hungarian, Russian and Ukrainian – are able to explain the meaning of similes used in example sentences in English or their mother tongue. Altogether 51 students are tested twice via tests focused on similes, and their results are compared via a statistical t-Test. The results from the initial test show that their knowledge of idiomatic comparisons was not very wide. However, the results from the final test prove that they were motivated to learn idioms, and thus they extended their knowledge of idiomatic comparisons significantly. In addition, the paper suggests some implications for teaching and learning similes and phraseological units in general.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Adamcová, S. (2017). Kontrastive Analyse der Phraseologismen und Metaphern: englisch – slowakisch. In D. Lišková, & R. Štefančík (Hrsg.), Macht der Sprache – Sprache der Macht: eine kontrastive mehrsprachige Analyse anhand von Korpustexten der meinungsbildenden Tageszeitungen mit Fokus auf Phraseologie und Metaphernforschung (pp.97-118). Hamburg: Verlag Dr. Kovač.
  2. Adamcová, S. (2020). Empirical research of collocations in foreign languages learning. Advanced Education, 14, 75-83. https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.197363
  3. Addison, C. (1993). From Literal to Figurative: An Introduction to the Study of Simile. College English, 55(4), 402-419. https://doi.org/10.2307/378650
  4. Bachman, L.F. (1990). Fundamental considerations in language testing. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  5. Bernárdez, E. (2009). Comparaciones explícitas con ‘wie’ en Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften, de Robert Musil. Una aproximación cognitiva. Revista de Filología Alemana, 1, 57-72.
  6. Bredin, H. 1998. Comparisons and similes. Lingua, 105(1-2), 67-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3841(97)00030-2
  7. Burcl, P. (2013). Jazyk novinových titulkov. Volume I. Nitra: Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa v Nitre.
  8. Burcl, P. (2014). Jazyk novinových titulkov. Volume II. Analýza vzorky The Guardian, SME, Pravda. Nitra: Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa v Nitre.
  9. Cambridge Idioms Dictionary. (2006). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  10. Canale, M., & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical Bases of Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing. Applied Linguistics, 1(1), 1-47. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/I.1.1
  11. Chiappe, D.L., & Kennedy, J.M. (2001). Literal bases for metaphor and simile. Metaphor and Symbol, 16(3-4), 249-276. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2001.9678897
  12. Chiappe, D.L., Kennedy, J.M., & Smykowski, T. (2003). Reversibility, aptness and the conventionality of metaphors and similes. Metaphor and Symbol, 18(2), 85-105. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327868MS1802_2
  13. Cowie, A.P., Mackin, R., & McCaig, I.R. (1993). Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms. Oxford Dictionary of Current Idiomatic English Volume 2. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  14. Cuenca, M.J. (2015). Beyond compare: Similes in interaction. Review of Cognitive Linguistics. 13(1), 140-166. https://doi.org/10.1075/rcl.13.1.06cue
  15. Fishelov, D. (1993). Poetic and Non-Poetic Simile: Structure, Semantic, Rhetoric. Poetics Today, 14(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.2307/1773138
  16. Gajdáčová Veselá, K. (2019). Essentials of English Lexicology. Nitra, Slovakia: Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa v Nitre.
  17. Gentner, D., & Bowdle, B.F. (2001). Convention, Form and Figurative Language Processing. Metaphor and Symbol, 16(3-4), 223-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2001.9678896
  18. Glucksberg, S. (2001). Understanding Figurative Language: From Metaphors to Idioms. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  19. Glucksberg, S., & Haught, C. (2006). On the Relation Between Metaphor and Simile: When Comparison Fails. Mind & Language, 21(3), 360-378. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0017.2006.00282.x
  20. Glucksberg, S., & Keysar, B. (1990). Understanding metaphorical comparisons: Beyond similarity. Psychological Review, 97(1), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.97.1.3
    |
  21. Hutchinson, T. (1993). Project English 2. Grammar and Practice Book. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  22. Hutchinson, T. (1998). Project English 2. Student’s Book. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  23. Hutchinson, T. (2000). Project. Workbook 2. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  24. Hymes, D. (1972). On communicative competence. In J.B. Pride, & J. Holmes (Eds.), Sociolinguistics, 269-293. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  25. Kamenická, J. (2019). How to Enjoy the Journey: Foreign Language Vocabulary Learning and Teaching. Slavonic Pedagogical Studies Journal, 8(2), 277-295. https://doi.org/10.18355/PG.2019.8.2.2
  26. Karuppali, S., & Bhat, J.S (2015). Efficacy of using simile completion tasks as a measure to evaluate the figurative language abilities in adolescents aged between 10-15 years. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences, 3(2), 110-115. https://doi.org/10.3126/njms.v3i2.13454
  27. Kučerová, M., & Fidlerová, H. (2012). Štatistické metódy. Statistical methods. Bratislava, Slovakia: Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava.
  28. Kvetko, P. (2006). An Outline of English Phraseology. Trnava, Slovakia: Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave.
  29. Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  30. Levorato, M.C., Nesi, B., & Cacciari, C. (2004). Reading comprehension and understanding idiomatic expressions: A developmental study. Brain and Language, 91(3), 303-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2004.04.002
    | |
  31. Li, B., Kuang, H., Zhang, Y., Chen, J., & Tang, X. (2012). Using Similes to Extract Basic Sentiments across Languages. In F.L. Wang, Z. Gong, & X. Luo (Eds.), Web Information Systems and Mining. WISM 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 7529, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33469-6_66
  32. Liontas, J.I. (2015). Developing Idiomatic Competence in the ESOL Classroom: A Pragmatic Account. TESOL Journal 6(4), 621-658. https://doi.org/10.1002/tejs.230
  33. McKinlay, S., & Hastings, B. (2007). Success. Intermediate Students’ Book. Harow, UK: Pearson Education Limited.
  34. Miller, G.A. (1979). Images and models, similes and metaphors. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and Thought, 202-250. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
  35. Moon, R. (2008). Conventionalized as-similes in English: A problem case. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 13(1), 3-37. https://doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.13.1.03moo
  36. Norrick, N.R. (1986). Stock similes. Journal of Literary Semantics. 15(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1515/jlse.1986.15.1.39
    |
  37. O’Dell, F., & McCarthy, M. (2010). English Idioms in Use. Advanced. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  38. Ortony, A. (1979). The Role of Similarity in Similes and Metaphors. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and Thought, 186-201. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
  39. Ortony, A. (1993). Metaphor and Thought. 2nd Edition. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173865
  40. Parizoska, J., & Filipović Petrović, I. (2017). Variation of Adjectival Slots in kao (‘as’) Similes in Croatian: A Cognitive Linguistic Account. In R. Mitkov (Ed.), Computational and Corpus-Based Phraseology. EUROPHRAS 2017. Lecture in Computer Science (), 10596, 348-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69805-2_25
  41. Sándorová, Z. (2020). Integrating Intercultural Aspects in EFL Lessons at Slovak Secondary Schools. Eurasian Union of Scientists, 9(78), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.31618/ESU.2413-9335.2020.1.78.1005
  42. Scrivener, J. (2005). Learning Teaching. A guidebook for English language teachers. Oxford, UK: MacMillan Education.
  43. Spišiaková, M., & Mocková, N. (2020). Chromatisms of red colour in academic dictionaries and in the web corpus (Spanish, French). XLinguae, 13(1), 263-274. https://doi.org/10.18355/XL.2020.13.01.20
  44. Spišiaková, M., Mocková, N., & Smoleňová, E. (2021). Chromatické pomenovania s bielou a čiernou farbou v španielčine a taliančine na pozadí slovenčiny. České Budějovice, Czech Republic: Vysoká škola evropských a regionálních studií, z.ú.
  45. Stengers, H., Boers, F., Housen, A., & Eyckmans, J. (2011). Formulaic sequences and L2 oral proficiency: Does the type of target language influence the association? International Review of Applied Linguistics, 49(4), 321-343. https://doi.org/10.1515/iral.2011.017
    |
  46. Tartakovsky, R., & Shen, Y. (2019). Meek as a milk and large as logic: A corpus study of the non-standard poetic simile. Language and Literature, 28(3), 203-220. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963947019865445
  47. Thornbury, S. (2002). How to Teach Vocabulary. Harlow, UK: Pearson, Longman.
  48. Widdowson, H.G. (1978). Teaching language as communication. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  49. Wisnita, A.S. (2019). Metaphor and Simile in English Context: Do They Know the Differences? REiLA: Journal of Research and Innovation in Language, 1(2), 55-60. https://doi.org/10.31849/reila.v1i2.3066

Downloads

Published

2023-08-01

How to Cite

Hrdličková, Z. (2023). EXPLORING THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE OF CONVENTIONALISED SIMILES IN ENGLISH LEXICOLOGY AND PHRASEOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Advanced Education, 10(22), 72–88. https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.283758

Issue

Section

ARTICLES