THE DEVELOPMENT OF BILINGUAL EDUCATION IN CANADA

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.100924

Keywords:

bilingualism, bilingual education, Canada, educational programmes, forms of bilingual education

Abstract

The article deals with the study of the development of bilingual education in Canada. The research paper offers the results drawn from a broader qualitative study. We understand bilingualism as a linguistic ability of a person, as social circumstances, as social phenomenon or individual characteristics. Bilingual education in Canada is a phenomenon which is based on the integration of theories and concepts of pedagogy, psychology, sociology, history, linguistics and psycholinguistics. The analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature reveals that scientists all over the world research various aspects of bilingualism and development of bilingual education in different countries. According to the aim of the study, theoretical and applied (descriptive, statistical, comparative, inductive, deductive, analytical, logical, historical, chronological and retrospective analysis, prognostic) methods used in our research are presented. We determine and characterise political, historic, economic, social, cultural, religious, lingual factors which caused popularisation and spread of bilingual education in the country under research. We define the lower and upper boundary of our research as well as develop the periodisation of bilingual education development. We characterise the advantages and disadvantages of bilingual education, its main forms, bilingual and traditional programmes, types of immersion programmes, realisation of bilingual education at pre-school, school and university levels. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Natalia Mukan, Lviv Polytechnic National University

DSc., Professor, Chair of the Department of Foreign Languages

Julia Shyika, Lviv Polytechnic National University

Ph.D., Senior Instructor of the Department of Applied Linguistics

Oksana Shyika, Lviv Technical and Economic College of Lviv Polytechnic National University

Ph.D., Senior Instructor

References

  1. Baker, C. (2014). A Parents' and Teachers' Guide to Bilingualism (4th ed.). Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  2. Canadian Parents for French. (2017). CPF Guide for Bilingual Youth 2017. Retrieved January, 17, 2017, from http://cpf.ca/en.
  3. Creese, A. & Blackledge A. (2010). Translanguaging in the Bilingual Classroom: A Pedagogy for Learning and Teaching? The Modern Language Journal, 94 (1), 103–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2009.00986.x
    |
  4. Dewaele, J.-M. & Li Wei. (2013). Is Multilingualism Linked to a Higher Tolerance of Ambiguity? Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 16, 231–240. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728912000570
    |
  5. García, O. & Sylvan, C.E. (2011). Pedagogies and Practices in Multilingual Classrooms: Singularities in Pluralities. The Modern Language Journal, 95 (3), 385–400. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01208.x
    |
  6. Grenier, F. (2013). The global educational challenge: how Canada can contribute to global developmental solutions through innovation in higher education. Canadian foreign policy journal, 19 (3), 354–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/11926422.2013.845581.
  7. He, A.E. (2011). Educational decentralization: a review of popular discourse on Chinese–English bilingual education. Asia Pacific journal of education, 31 (1), 91–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2011.544245
    |
  8. Nores, M. & Barnett, W.S. (2010). Benefits of Early Childhood Interventions Across the World: (Under)Investing in the Very Young. Economics of Education Review, 29 (2), 271–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2009.09.001
    |
  9. Paap, K.R. & Greenberg, Z.I. (2013). There Is No Coherent Evidence for a Bilingual Advantage in Executive Processing. Cognitive Psychology, 66 (2), 232–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.12.002
    | |
  10. Roberts, Ch.A. (1995). Bilingual education program models: a framework for understanding. Bilingual research journal, 19 (3–4), 369–378. https://doi.org/10.1080/15235882.1995.10162679
    |
  11. Schwartz, M., Koh, P.W., Chen, B.X., Sinke, M. & Geva E. (2016). Through the lens of teachers in two bilingual programmes: a look at early bilingual education. Language, culture and curriculum, 29 (2), 141-168. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2015.1103250
    |
  12. Sissins, C.B. (1917). Bi-lingual Schools in Canada. London, England: J.M. Dent & Sons, Ltd.
  13. Skutnabb-Kangas, T. (1981). Bilingualism or Not: The Education of Minorities. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  14. Swain, M., & Cummins, J. (2014). Bilingualism in Education: Aspects of theory, research and practice. New York, USA: Routledge.
  15. Swain, M. & Lapkin, S. (1982). Evaluating Bilingual Education: a Canadian Case Study. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.
  16. Toukomaa, P. & Skutnabb-Kangas, T. (1977). The Intensive Teaching of the Mother Tongue to Migrant Children of Pre-school Age and Children in the Lower Level of Comprehensive School. Helsinki, Finland: The Finnish National Commission for UNESCO.
  17. Shyika, Yu.I. (2015). Bilinhvalna osvita v Kanadi [Bilingual Education in Canada]. Lviv, Ukraine: ZUKTS.
  18. Shyika, Yu.I. & Mukan, N.V. (2012). Osoblyvosti bilinhvalnoho navchannia v kanadskykh zahalnoosvitnikh shkolakh [The Peculiarities of Bilingual learning in Canadian secondary schools]. Comparative Professional Pedagogy, 2 (4), 91-97.

Downloads

Published

2017-12-27

How to Cite

Mukan, N., Shyika, J., & Shyika, O. (2017). THE DEVELOPMENT OF BILINGUAL EDUCATION IN CANADA. Advanced Education, 4(8), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.100924

Issue

2017: Issue 8

Section

Education

License

Copyright (c) 2017 Natalia Vasylivna Mukan, Julia Ivanivna Shyika, Oksana Ivanivna Shyika

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

    1. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

  1. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).